Niaj hnub no, kev nplua mias ntawm reigns ntawm txee ntawm peb cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus, nyob rau hauv uas nws yooj yim heev kom tsis meej pem. Txhawm rau kawm kom nkag siab txog cov cawv, koj yuav tsum xub nkag siab lawv cov kev faib tawm raws li cov txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb.
Cov Lus Qhia
Kauj ruam 1
Los ntawm hom, tag nrho cov cawv txiv hmab tau muab faib ua raws li kev pom zoo sib txawv ntawm European tau lees paub hauv Fabkis. Raws li nws, cawv tau muab faib ua ob pawg tseem ceeb: ci ntsa iab (muaj cov pa roj carbon dioxide, tsim nyob rau hauv cov cawv thaum lub caij ntuj tsim thiab tsis tshwj xeeb tshem tawm) thiab tseem (tsis muaj carbon dioxide). Pab pawg ntawm cov cawv tseem tau faib ua peb pawg ntxiv: ntuj, liqueur thiab qab qab. Cov cawv tseem yog cov cawv uas yooj yim tshaj plaws uas tau tsim tawm: los ntawm fermenting txiv hmab kua txiv nrog cov poov xab, uas hloov suab thaj rau hauv cawv. Lub zog ntawm tseem cawv ntawm 8 txog 15 degrees. Txhua lub rooj cawv muaj hom no. Liqueur (muaj zog) thiab cov cawv qab zib ua rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub ntuj nyiam ntsiag to. Lub zog ua kom cawv yog 15-20 degrees. Qhov no yog ua tiav los ntawm kev ntxiv cov dej cawv muaj cawv ntau, feem ntau yog brandy, kom ntsiag to ntuj caw. Cov cawv liqueur suav nrog Madeira, sherry, chaw nres nkoj, Marsala. Cov cawv cov cawv yog tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv rau cov txuj lom kom nyob ntsiag to, tshuaj ntsuab thiab cov txuj lom thiab me ntsis ntawm cawv txiv hmab cawv. Cov cawv uas muaj suab npe nrov tshaj yog cov dej cawv, cov cawv uas nrov tshaj plaws yog ស្រា champagne.
Kauj ruam 2
Txhua tus cawv muaj nws tus kheej cov qauv, uas txhais tau tias ob yam: cov xim ntawm cov cawv (dawb, liab, liab) thiab qib ntawm nws cov qab zib (qhuav, ib nrab-qhuav, ib nrab, qab zib) qab zib dawb tuaj yeem tau los ntawm tej txiv hmab ntau yam. Qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov uas nws ua. Thaum ua cov cawv txiv hmab dawb, ntxig kua txiv txiv hmab yog tam sim ntawd lim thiab fermented tsis muaj pulp (tawv nqaij). Cov cawv txiv hmab dawb nyob ntawm cognac mus rau lub teeb kib; cawv nrog rau cov xim liab hu ua liab. Nws cov xim nyob ntawm sib sib zog nqus ruby rau daj ntseg caws pliav. Cov cawv txiv hmab liab yog tsim los ntawm cov txiv hmab liab, thiab cov kua txiv zom ua ke nrog daim tawv nqaij. Lub wort ferments nrog lub pulp tsuas yog ob peb teev, tom qab ntawd cov lub pulp yog tshem tawm. Rosé wines ntau hauv cov xim los ntawm daj ntseg liab mus rau pinkish-daj ntseg, thiab feem ntau cov cawv ntuj qhuav. Tag nrho cov piam thaj uas muaj nyob hauv lawv yog fermented "qhuav" rau hauv dej cawv. Muaj cov natural semi-sweet lossis semi-dry cawv txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv uas qab zib tseem - vim muaj lub ntuj cov yam ntxwv ntawm txiv hmab ntau yam. Hmoov tsis zoo, xws li cov cawv txiv ntoo tsis tshua muaj nqi thiab kim. Feem ntau cov semi-qhuav thiab semi-qab cawv yog npaj nrog kev siv dag ua kom qeeb ntawm fermentation.
Kauj ruam 3
Hais txog kev muaj pes tsawg leeg, Tebchaws Europe faib cov cawv ua ke (los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov txiv hmab sib txawv) thiab sepage (varietal, ua los ntawm ib hom txiv hmab). Yog hais tias cov cawv txiv ntoo muaj npe tom qab ntau yam txiv hmab, piv txwv li, cabernet lossis merlot, nws txhais tau tias nws yog varietal, lossis sepage. Thaum muas sepazh cawv, koj paub ntxhib dab tsi los xav kom tau los ntawm nws, raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txiv hmab ntau yam. Nws yuav tsum tau yug los rau hauv lub siab tias tsis yog txhua txhua txiv hmab ntau yam ua rau muaj cawv zoo. Nws yog qhov nthuav tias cov sib xyaw ntawm cov ntxhib, uas tsis zoo cawv tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom tsw qab uas zoo heev nrog kev saj zoo heev. Ntawm daim ntawv lo ntawm sab nraum qab ntawm lub raj mis, koj tuaj yeem nyeem cov noob txiv hmab twg tau raug siv rau kev sib tov.
Kauj ruam 4
Los ntawm kev laus, cawv tau muab faib ua cov hluas thiab hnub nyoog. Thaum pib ntawm lub sijhawm laus pib raug suav tias yog Lub Ib Hlis 1 ntawm lub xyoo tom qab sau qoob loo. Cov cawv txiv hmab hluas tau muag ua ntej hnub no. Ordinary (cawv tsis muaj hnub nyoog) raug muag txij lub Ib Hlis 1 ntawm lub xyoo tom qab sau. Cov cawv thaum muaj hnub nyoog yog cawv uas tau hnub nyoog li rau lub hlis. Cov cawv txiv hmab ua los ntawm cov txiv hmab ua ntej thiab muaj hnub nyoog hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus tsawg kawg 18 lub hlis yog hu ua vintage wines. Cov piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov wines poob rau hauv qeb ntawm kev sib tsoo, uas yuav tsum tau ntxiv kev laus ntawm tsawg kawg peb lub xyoos. Qhov kev faib tawm no tsis zoo tag nrho, txij li qeb qis, zoo tib yam cawv thiab zoo siab, uas tsuas tsis xav tau kev laus ntev, tuaj yeem ua dej num raws li cov cawv tsis muaj hnub nyoog.
Kauj ruam 5
Raws li kev faib tawm European zoo tib yam, cov cawv txiv hmab tau cais raws qhov chaw ntawm keeb kwm. Thaum yuav lub raj mis cawv ntawm lub khw muag khoom, nyeem daim ntawv lo zoo zoo; yog tias qhov keeb kwm ntawm lub caw tsis tau teev, nws yog cawv txiv hmab tsis muaj qab hau, hu ua lub rooj cawv txiv hmab los ntawm cov txheej txheem European. Rau peb, qhov no yog cov cawv txiv hmab ib txwm muaj. Rau cov neeg nyob sab Europe, qhov no muaj peev xwm txhais tau nrog cov qib qis, pheej yig mash, lub raj mis uas tus nqi tsis ntau dua li ib txog rau ob duas las. Thaum qhov chaw ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb tau sau rau ntawm daim ntawv lo (cawv hauv zos), qhov no txhais tau tias qhov zoo ntawm cov cawv no yog ntau tshaj li uas ntawm lub rooj caw. Tom qab tag nrho, qhia txog qhov chaw nyob ntawm nws haus cawv rau ntawm daim ntawv lo, tus tsim khoom lag luam yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv tso cai uas tau pom zoo ua kom tiav nws cov cawv nrog cov qauv tsis zoo rau cheeb tsam no. muab ib lub tswv yim ntawm cov dej haus, qhov no txhais tau tias qhov no yog cawv. Yuav kom muab tso ua pawg li no, yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov txiv hmab zoo nkauj raws li cov qauv rau nws cog qoob loo, saws rau ib thaj chaw twg. Cov cawv txiv hmab zoo li qub muaj pob paj qub thiab tshwj xeeb saj, yam ntxwv tsuas yog rau thaj chaw qhia hauv lub npe ntawm dej haus.
