Cov khoom noj carbohydrates tau muab faib ua cov khoom yooj yim (yooj yim zom tau) thiab ntau. Lawv sib txawv hauv cov qauv, kev ua hauv lub cev, thiab tus nqi noj haus. Ntau lub zom zaws cov khoom noj tau yooj yim nyob hauv qab zib, cov txiv qab zib, cov khoom ci, khoom qab zib. Lawv dhau mus ua rog.
Cov zaub mov muaj ntau yam tshuaj uas cuam tshuam rau lub cev thiab yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm. Carbohydrates yog ib pawg ntawm cov as-ham tseem ceeb, cov zaub mov tseem ceeb uas yog cog cov khoom noj thiab cov suab thaj.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm carbohydrates hauv kev noj haus
Cov tshuaj no yog tsim nyog los muab lub cev nrog lub zog, thaum ib nrab ntawm cov calories ntau ntawm cov zaub mov poob rau lawv sib faib. Tus nqi ntawm cov carbohydrates nyob ntawm lub cev kev ua si, thaum ib feem tsis siv los tswj lub zog siv yog hloov mus rau hauv cov rog rog. Kev ua paib ntau dhau ua rau cov ntshav cov ntshav rog ntau ntau thiab inhibit hnyuv microflora. Hauv cov neeg laus thiab cov neeg siv dag zog tsawg, qhov kev xav tau niaj hnub rau kev ua kom tau carbohydrates tsawg. Ob qho tib si ib qho tsis muaj peev xwm thiab ib qho dhau ntawm cov carbohydrates muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv, thaum lawv cov hom muaj qhov sib txawv rau lub cev.
Hom ntawm carbohydrates
Cov zaub mov carbohydrates tseem ceeb yog cov zom zaws (polysaccharides) thiab monosaccharides. Cov piam thaj ua los ntawm beets tau txwv kom tsis pub muaj vim nws qhov tsis haum vim tias nws cov roj ntsha muaj fructose thiab piam thaj. Lawv sib txawv hauv cov qauv, cov sawv daws muaj ntau yam, cov khoom yooj yim los ntawm ib qho. Kev zom plab yog nyob ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov khoom noj khoom haus carbohydrates yooj yim tau ua tiav sai dua hauv lub cev.
Fiber thiab pectin (ballast tshuaj) kuj yog carbohydrates. Lawv tsis zoo, tab sis tsim nyog rau kev tso quav ib txwm. Muaj nyob hauv cov zaub mov ntawm tsob ntoo keeb kwm: txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cog nplooj thiab zaub.
Nroj tsuag muaj cov khoom noj niaj hnub no hauv txoj kev ua hmoov nplej thiab cellulose. Muaj ob peb ntawm lawv hauv cov tsiaj, lawv muaj nyob hauv daim siab.
Digestible carbohydrates
Cov piam thaj yog cov khoom siv ua kom yooj yim carbohydrate. Yog tias cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav pauv ntau yam, tom qab ntawd qhov kev phem no yuav ua rau lub xeev ntawm kev noj qab haus huv, nkees nkees thiab qaug zog tshwm sim. Txo qib qis dua ua rau koj tshaib plab.
Fructose nyob hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tshwj xeeb hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas qab zib.
Lactose pom nyob hauv cov khoom noj siv mis.
Sucrose yog muaj li ntawm fructose thiab qabzib. Hauv cov qab zib huv, nws cov ntsiab lus nce mus txog 95%, lwm yam khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig yog qhov tsis tuaj ntawm nws. Kev siv khoom qab zib ntau dhau los ua rau cov kev zom zaub mov ntau dhau thiab ua rog.
Kev zom cov zaub mov tau yooj yim muaj cov qauv yooj yim, vim kev ua tau sai hauv lub cev. Noj khaub noom, mis nyuj khov, khoom ci, khoom qab zib, thiab lwm yam khoom noj muaj suab thaj, tshwj xeeb nrog kev ua haujlwm tsawg, ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce siab, uas tom qab ntawd poob qis, ua rau kev tshaib plab. Cov khoom siv tsis muaj roj (carbohydrates) tsis hloov ua rog. Qhov tsuas yog ntxiv ntawm cov khoom no yog qhov rov ua tau sai sai ntawm lub cev qhov kev xav tau ntawm lub zog.
