Lub teeb thiab airy, qhov ncauj-dej thiab hearty - ncuav qab zib pastries yog txawv. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau cov kev xaiv ua noj, novice ua noj tuaj yeem tiv nrog cov zaub mov no.
Lub khob noom cookie xaiv
Puff pastry rau ua pies tuaj yeem muas tau npaj tiav, ntseeg tus tsim khoom thiab txuag sijhawm. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, qhov tshwm sim tsis yeej ib txwm ua tiav cov kev cia siab, yog li nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua lub khob noom cookie koj tus kheej, xav txog txhua tus neeg nyiam thiab xaiv cov khoom lag luam zoo tshaj plaws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, koj tuaj yeem ua ib qho chaw khaws nyiaj cia kom txias thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, yav tom ntej, nrawm ci ncuav qab zib nrog cov nqi tsawg kawg nkaus. Koj tuaj yeem khaws cia hauv lub freezer thiab cov khoom tiav ib nrab ntawm koj tus kheej tsim, tom qab ntawd cov tais tuaj yeem npaj rau hauv feeb tsis qab.
Ua raws li cov duab thiab txhaws, cov poov xab lossis poov xab-puff pastry siv. Rau cov ncuav qab zib qab zib, piv txwv li, nrog tsev cheese, txiv apples lossis jam, thawj qhov kev xaiv tau zoo dua - cov khoom ua los ntawm cov khob noom cookie zoo li no yuav dhau los ua qhov muag thiab muag tib lub sijhawm. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, lawv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg tsis tshaj tawm.
Rau cov neeg uas ua tib zoo xam cov calories, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau kev xaiv cov poov xab poov xab. Qhov tseeb yog tias tsawg dua butter lossis cov rog ua qhov hloov rau nws tau muab tso rau hauv nws, vim tias nws nce hauv qhov cub ua tsaug rau cov poov xab thiab lub thev naus laus zis tshwj xeeb rau txoj kev ua ib txheej.
Cov khob noom cookie uas tsis ntxiv cov poov xab yog pom zoo rau ci cov nplaig thiab lwm yam khoom tsis tau txhawm, feem ntau ua rau croissants, thiab lwm yam yog tsim los ntawm nws. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tseeb, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav cov kev xaiv uas zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv uas koj nyiam txhaws yuav zoo tshaj plaws ua ke nrog no los yog lub khob noom cookie.
Yuav ua li cas ua puff pastry nyob hauv tsev
Puff pastry yog raws li hmoov thiab butter. Ntau tus niam tsev nyiam noj puff pastries "los ntawm kos" thiaj li tsis mus nco margarine thiab lwm yam butter hloov ntawm lawv lub rooj. Ntau yam ntawm cov khoom tiav ib nrab yog tam sim no dav sawv cev rau ntawm cov khw muag khoom, tab sis tsis tshua muaj lawv yeej muaj xws li butter. Frozen dough ua cov tuam ntxhab feem ntau siv lawv los txo tus nqi ntawm cov khoom, uas yog vim li cas tus nqi feem ntau yog ntxias.
Daim ntawv qhia:
- nplej hmoov nplej - 0.5 kg;
- butter - 100 g;
- dej - 200-250 ml;
- ntsev - 1 teaspoon;
- nqaij qaib qe - 1 pc.
Ua ntej kneading lub khob noom cookie, koj yuav tsum tshem tawm cov butter los ntawm lub tub yees kom nws muaj sij hawm muag me ntsis thiab ua chav sov. Los ntawm kev sib xyaw cov hmoov nplej nrog dej thiab ib lub qe, ntxiv me ntsis ntsev, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ua kom tau cov khoom noj kom xwm yeem. Tau txais lub pob loj hauv lub pob, koj yuav tsum tso nws tawm ib ntus, npog nrog daim phuam lossis chav phuam chav ua noj. Muaj dov tawm cov mov paj uas tseem tshuav, butter txiav rau hauv daim (qhov loj ntawm ib rab diav) yog tau pw hauv nruab nrab.
Txhawm rau kis cov ntaub mos muag dhau ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub khob noom cookie, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ua ib hom ntawv "hnab ntawv" los ntawm qhwv lub nraub qaum, qis dua thiab sab saud ntawm txheej txheej mus rau hauv nruab nrab. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lub butter hloov tawm mus ua zais sab hauv, nws yuav tsum nyob twj ywm rau hauv cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv dov lub khob noom cookie.
Maj mam ua kom cov txheej saum toj kawg nkaus nrog koj txhais tes, Lub khob noom cookie ua ke yog muab ib nrab thiab maj mam muab pov tseg. Tom qab ntawd txhua qhov kev ntxias yog rov ua dua thiab dhau. Qhov kev siv zog ntau dua thiab siv sijhawm yuav siv cov txheej txheem no, tastier thiab ntau dua pies yuav. Thaum ci, lawv yuav muaj qhov sib txawv zoo ntawm ntau cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, thiab cov roj hauv cov roj yuav ua kom cov pies yaj hauv koj lub qhov ncauj.
Tom qab ib ntus, qhov tawm ntawm lub khob noom cookie yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv lub tub yees rau ib quarter ntawm ib teev. Tom qab cov butter “pom”, lub khob noom cookie yob dua, ua ntu zus muab ntim nrog hnab ntawv los tsim cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Hauv txoj ntsiab cai, nws yog tso cai rau tsuas yog quav lub txheej hauv ib nrab thiab zuaj nws dua kom huv si. Hauv qhov no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ntseeg tau tias cov roj softened tsis pib ntws tawm.
Thaum dov tawm cov poov xab poov xab, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib, vim tias nws muag thiab muag heev. Yog tias koj overdo nws nrog lub siab, thiab cov roj yog qhov nyuaj dhau, qhov tsim yuav tawg. Hloov pauv, ntau tshaj ntawm cov roj butter lossis margarine yuav nyuaj rau sab hauv qhov tsim - nws tuaj yeem yooj yim xau tawm. Kev ua los ntawm lub khob noom cookie yuav tsum muaj txuj ci ntau dua;
Txhawm rau ua tiav nrog lub khob noom cookie, koj yuav tsum muab xa rov qab rau hauv tub yees thiab tsom mus rau qhov txhaws. Tom qab ntawv. Raws li cov pies tau tsim, qee qhov muab tso rov qab rau hauv qhov txias ib ntus - nws ntseeg tau tias cov khoom yuav ua rau huab cua zoo, thiab cov roj yuav saturate txheej zoo dua. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yuav nce me ntsis nce lub sijhawm ci.
Ci thiab ci hom
Puff pastry cov khoom, muab lawv cov qauv, yog ci sai heev. Yog li ntawd, qhov txhaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws suav nrog nqaij, nqaij qaib, ntses thiab qe, yuav tsum tau kho kom sov ua ntej. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, hauv qhov cub lossis hauv lub yias kib, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pies yuav tsuas "ncav" qhov uas lub xeev xav tau.
Ntawm qhov kub ntawm 190 degrees, ib hlis twg ntawm ib teev yuav txaus rau cov pies. Ntawm chav kawm, qhov txhaws thiab qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom lag luam, nrog rau cov neeg nyiam - ib tus neeg nyiam cov ncuav qab zib, ncuav zoo. Lwm tus sim cov ncuav pastries thaum ntxov, tsis tas tos rau tsaus ntuj nti ntawm lub khob noom cookie, sai li sai tau tias cov pies sawv thiab ua qab ntxiag kub xim. Cov tshuaj tsw qab uas tau pib nthuav tawm ntawm lub qhov cub kuj tau tshaj tawm txog kev npaj txhij ntawm cov tais, uas txhais tau tias sai sai cov zaub mov tuaj yeem ua rau lub rooj.
Tsis ntev ua ntej thaum xaus ntawm lub sijhawm, cov khoom lag luam sab saum toj tuaj yeem nrog roj qe dawb, tom qab ntawd lawv cov kaub puab yuav zoo li yog xim av. Ua ntej pab, qee cov roj ci khoom qab zib nrog melted butter (ib tus tshis plaub lossis cov txhuam tshwj xeeb yog qhov haum rau qhov no). Yog li ntawd, cov pies yuav tau txais lub qab ntxiag zoo nkauj thiab ua qhov qab tshaj.
Haum rau ua puff pastries thiab frying lauj kaub. Cov zaub mov tuaj yeem ua kib hauv cov roj butter lossis zaub roj (nyob ntawm qhov txhaws), tig nws hloov pauv thaum nws ua mov noj. Nrog rau hom no, cov khoom yuav tsum tau pw ntawm daim phuam lossis ntawv so ua ntej muab kev pabcuam kom tshem cov rog ntau dhau. Tsuas yog tom qab ntawd yog cov pies pauv mus rau ib phaj.
Thaum sib sib zog nqus-kib, cov pies yog cov huab cua heev thiab txawm ntau crispy, tab sis lawv cov calorie ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntxiv.
Dab tsi yog cov puv
Ntau cov ncuav qab zib pastry tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg loj - qab zib thiab savory. uas yuav suav nrog:
- nqaij (tej daim los yog nqaij minced);
- nqaij qaib thiab nws offal (daim siab ua qaib);
- cov hnyuv ntxwm (sausage, ham, hnyuv ntxwm);
- ntses (tshiab los yog kaus poom);
- cheese thiab tsev cheese;
- zaub (zaub qhwv, qos yaj ywm, thiab lwm yam).
Cov khoom lag luam saum toj no tuaj yeem ua ke kom tiav thaum mus nrhiav cov tshuaj tsw qab tshiab thiab kev paub ua noj ua haus. Piv txwv li, cov hnyuv ntxwm zoo rau ntau los ntawm xyoo kawm nyob rau hauv lub khob noom cookie tau nrhiav qhov tshiab - tam sim no nws hu ua "tub ntxhais kawm". Ntxiv nrog rau cov nqaij txhaws, mashed qos yaj ywm thiab qee zaum txawm cheese yog zais hauv xws li qhov taub. Cov zaub mov hloov tawm mus rau cov calories ntau heev thiab muaj peev xwm ua tiag thov cov neeg, vim tias lawv txoj kev tshawb fawb, nyob hauv lub sijhawm nruj.
Cabbage mus zoo nrog minced nqaij thiab nqaij cov khoom lag luam. Nqaij qaib tuaj yeem ua ke nrog nceb lossis qos yaj ywm, thiab ntses nrog mov thiab dos. Muaj ntau ntau txoj kev xaiv, thiab ntau yam yog yooj yim yooj yim los npaj thiab heev yig los npaj.
Ntau tus niam tsev feem ntau npaj ncuav puff pastries lossis ntses cov ntses. Cov ntses tshiab yuav tsum tau npaj ua ntej rau qhov no, thaum cov khoom lag luam nrog cov kaus poom ntses tsis yooj yim rau kev ua. Qhov tseeb, koj tsuas yog xav tau qhib lub hwj thiab sib xyaw nws cov ntsiab lus (tshwj tsis yog kua) nrog mov thiab txuj lom kom txog thaum ib nrab siav.
Qhov uas hu ua pizza kaw yuav pab kom muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov rooj noj mov hauv tsev thiab tib lub sijhawm daws cov teeb meem nrog cov seem uas seem ntawm pluas su lossis ua tshais. Rau nws cov puv, koj tuaj yeem siv cov zaub, nqaij cov khoom lag luam, thiab ntawm chav kawm ib daim cheese nyob ib ncig hauv lub tub yees, uas yog twb qhuav me ntsis thiab tsis haum rau ib qho qhaub cij.
Haum rau txhaws thiab nqaij qaib mob siab, uas yuav tsum tau ua ntej yog nce mentsis los yog muab kib. Mus saj - ntxiv finely tws dos thiab carrots, txuj lom rau lub sijhawm no. Lub sib xws ntawm cov txhaws tuaj yeem sib txawv - los ntawm cov ntawv me me mus rau qhov zoo li muab tshuaj txhuam. Koj tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog daim siab nrog tus nqi tsawg tsawg ntawm kev ua noj kom txog thaum ib nrab siav mov lossis hau qos yaj ywm nrog cov txuj lom thiab tshuaj ntsuab tshiab (dill, zaub txhwb qaib, thiab lwm yam)
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los, samsa tau nrov npe zuj zus. Nyob hauv tsev, cov zaub mov no, uas yog hauv cov tebchaws Central Asia, tuaj yeem ua raws li koj nyiam, yam tsis muaj kev cia siab ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo. Cov duab thiab kev sau ntawm samsa yog qhov sib txawv thiab muaj ntau yam kev hloov. Qhov loj tshaj tsuas yog puff pastry thiab nqaij txhaws. Rau xws li ci, ob qho tib si txho nqaij thiab minced nqaij yog haum, uas yog ua ntej kib nrog dos thiab cov txuj lom. Qee cov zaub mov txawv kuj suav nrog qos yaj ywm. Muab rhaub kom txog thaum ib nrab siav, nws nrog cov nqaij sib tov thiab ua lub hmoov txhawm rau cov ncuav qab zib uas yooj yim.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub puv
Puff pastries yog txoj hauv kev zoo rau koj cov lus ntau haiv neeg thaum lub caij sau qoob. Thinly hlais txiv apples, zaub ntug hauv paus thiab taub dag zom zom, zucchini nrog ntxiv qab zib thiab txiv qaub lossis txiv kab ntxwv tev, qos yaj ywm nrog tshuaj ntsuab uas muaj ntxhiab tsw tshiab, zaub qhwv hauv ntau txoj kev thiab nrog cov sib txawv ntxiv - cov no tsuas yog qee yam ntawm ntau txoj kev xaiv uas tuaj yeem yooj yim ua tiav rau lub sijhawm no.
Finely tws (nyiam dua tws) cabbage yog seasoned nrog ib tug me me ntawm zaub los yog butter. Tom qab nws txo qis hauv ntim, ntxiv cov qe lossis qe-mis sib tov, tam sim ntawd ua kom muaj zog. Koj tuaj yeem ntxiv cov tshuaj ntsuab tshiab thiab cov txuj lom los mus saj. Thaum npaj kev txhaws, tsis txhob hnov qab tias nws tseem yuav "ncav cuag" thaum ci, yog li koj tsis tas yuav mus sim nws ntev ntev, yog li kom tsis txhob poob cov zaub.
Lub zaub ntug hauv paus filling yog kev sib tw thiab noj qab haus huv. Cov zaub nruab nrab hauv nruab nrab yuav tsum tau tev thiab hau, thiab tom qab ntawd ua kom tiav. Qee tus neeg nyiam ntxiv cov roj uas tau muab tev kom zoo tso, tab sis txawm tias tsis muaj nws, nws hloov tawm heev. Ua cov pies kub nrog butter.
Ntawm kev ceeb toom tshwj xeeb yog cov savory pastries nrog tsev cheese. Rau cov ncuav puff pastries, txhaws yog npaj nrog cov tshuaj ntsuab tshiab thiab txuj lom; cov cheese kuj tsim nyog ntxiv.
Muaj tswv yim puff pastry
Tsis ntev los no, qhib cov khoom qab zib nrog ntau cov hlais (ham, nqaij npuas kib, cheese) tau ua ntau dua thiab nrov dua, uas tau muab tso rau hauv kev sib txawv ntawm txheej txheej ntawm cov khob noom cookie. Tom qab ntawd nws muab tais thiab txiav. Thaum ci, lub filling melts, txuas thiab kho cov txheej txheej, thiab cov khoom tau txais nyob rau hauv qhov txawv tshaj plaws.
Koj tuaj yeem ua noj rau lawv ib feem - los ntawm kev txiav lub khob noom cookie ua plaub fab lossis duab plaub, nteg ib qho me me ntawm, piv txwv li, hau hnyuv ntxwm hau rau sab saum toj. Tau dov nws mus rau hauv lub tog raj kheej thiab muab tso rau hauv pwm, tom qab kaum tsib mus rau nees nkaum feeb, koj tuaj yeem cia siab ib yam dab tsi uas zoo li tsob ntoo sawv. Tsis muaj cov ciaj ciam rau txoj kev xav hauv lub lag luam no, yog li kev ua ci yuav yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau kev siv sijhawm nrog menyuam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kws ua zaub mov noj me me yuav tsis tsuas yog nce cov txuj ci muaj txiaj ntsig, tab sis tseem yuav sim coj cov tswv yim zoo.
Puff pastry qab zib pies
Ntawm cov fillers rau cov khoom lag luam yog:
- tshiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov txiv ntoo (txiv apples, pears, apricots, txiv ntoo qab zib, raspberries, txiv pos nphuab, thiab lwm yam);
- kev saib xyuas, marmalades, jams thiab confitures;
- tsev cheese nrog ntau yam ntxiv (vanilla qab zib, qaub cream);
- cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav, tag nrho los yog tawg (qhuav apricots, prunes, raisins - ua ke thiab cais, nrog rau ntxiv rau cov noob txiv).
Yog tias qhov txhaws puv kua thiab muaj qhov pheej hmoo nyob rau hauv qhov cub, koj tuaj yeem siv cov hmoov txhuv me me kom nws tuab. Jam los yog jam yuav dhau los ua denser thaum ci yog tias koj ntxiv me me ntawm ntuj tuab - cov kua txig zoo. Qhov no yuav tsis cuam tshuam tshwj xeeb rau saj, thiab qhov txhaws yuav kawg ua denser thiab nyob sab hauv khoom.
Cov kua hlais tuaj yeem maj mam ua kua nrog lub txiv qaub ua kua kom tiv thaiv browning thaum ci. Rau cov khoom lag luam nrog xws li txhaws, cinnamon kuj tseem zoo meej, saj ntawm uas mus zoo nrog ib lub kua.
Tsev cheese sau
Tseem muaj ntau tus kivcua ntsawj ntawm cov khoom ci nrog curd txhaws, uas sib txuas tsis tsuas yog ib qho qab saj, tab sis kuj muaj cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig. Thaum siv lub muab tub lim zoo li no, daim kab xev tuaj yeem ua ntej-tsoo. Ntxiv qaub cream nyob ntawm seb lub dryness thiab cov ntsiab lus rog ntawm cov khoom. Ntxiv nrog rau qab zib thiab vanilla, tsev cheese mus tau zoo nrog txiv qaub lossis txiv kab ntxwv zest, chocolate, txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav (lawv yuav tsum xub muab ntxuav thiab ziab hauv cov dej npau npau lossis dej qab zib tshiab).
