Dab Tsi Ntawm Marmalade Muaj

Dab Tsi Ntawm Marmalade Muaj
Dab Tsi Ntawm Marmalade Muaj

Video: Dab Tsi Ntawm Marmalade Muaj

Video: Dab Tsi Ntawm Marmalade Muaj
Video: Koj Muaj Dab Tsi Zoo / by MAIV YAJ / nkauj tawm tshiab 2021 Official 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Cov kev tshawb fawb txog kev lag luam tau qhia tias kev noj cov marmalade hauv Lavxias hauv kev hais txog lub cev yog kwv yees li 6% ntawm tag nrho cov kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom uas tsis xaum. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nplua nuj lossis cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo saj, muaj xim zoo nkauj, muaj ntxhiab tsw qab thiab cov ntawv tshwj xeeb - cov no yog cov ntsuas uas peb nyiam hom jelly khoom zoo li khoom qab zib.

marmalade
marmalade

Thaum koj xav pamper koj tus kheej nrog lub qab zib, feem ntau teeb meem tshwm sim: dab tsi los noj - ib qho qhob noom chocolate lossis gummy wedge? Nws yog qhov nyuaj rau kev xaiv, vim tias txhua yam nws nyob ntawm kev nyiam saj, zaub mov ua noj thiab, tau kawg, pwm. Cov khoom siv hauv Nyij Pooj tau pom qhov kev txiav txim siab zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig. Tokyo-based confectionery FabCafe, paub txog nws cov khoom qab zib khoom qab zib, tau teeb tsa thawj "kev txhawb nqa qab zib". Txog Hnub Valentine, cov poj niam tau yaum kom tsim daim qhob noom chocolate ntawm lawv lub ntsej muag thiab muab rau cov neeg hlub. Txiv neej tsis saib qhov yooj yim. Hmo ua ntej ntawm cov hnub so, uas yog hu ua Dawb Hnub thiab ua kev zoo siab rau lub Peb Hlis 14, cov uas xav ua rau lawv cov poj niam xav tsis thoob mus rau lub chaw ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw Shibuya, qhov uas lawv tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv siv computer peb lub voos xwm txheej ntawm lawv lub cev siv lub scanner. Cov. Hauv daim foos no, FabCafe confectioners ua cov ntawv me me ntawm cov pos hniav. Thiab qhov khoom plig tau npaj txhij - daim duab ntawm ib qho samurai tiag tiag hauv marmalade 3D version.

gummy daim duab
gummy daim duab

Lub pov thawj ntawm marmalade yog lub qab zib qab zib ntawm Turkish delight, uas yog zib ntab zib ntab ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog ntxiv ntawm sawv dej thiab hmoov txhuv nplej siab. Hauv cov qauv niaj hnub, marmalade zoo li qhov sib txawv me ntsis. Cov khoom lag luam yog tsim raws cov suab thaj, zib suab thaj thiab tus neeg sawv cev nrog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov tsw qab thiab ntxiv zaub mov.

Hauv Spain thiab Portugal, lo lus marmelo txhais tau tias quince marshmallow (nws yog los ntawm cov txiv no uas marmalade tau nyob ntawd). Pakistanis muaj "pestil" - yas marmalade. Cov neeg nyob hauv tebchaws European muab cov qab zib no los ua "hard jam". Hauv cov lus ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb koom nrog kev tsim cov khoom sib tov, marmalade yog hu ua "jelly candies".

Raws li cov txuj ci ua noj ua haus thev naus laus zis, marmalade yog cov kua txiv evaporated ua kua lossis txiv hmab txiv ntoo puree los ntawm lub sam thiaj. Thaum noj nrog qab qab zib los yog zib suab thaj, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muab ib qho loj uas ua rau lub xeev muaj zog. Thickening yog tiav los ntawm kev siv qee yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muaj pectin ntau, lossis los ntawm kev qhia ntxiv ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntxiv.

jelly marmalade
jelly marmalade

Ua raws li kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv siv, ob hom pib ntawm marmalade yog qhov txawv: txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab jelly.

Txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab Berry marmalade yog npaj los ntawm kev kub npau npau zoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo lossis txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog cov qab zib granulated. Lub gelling puag muaj pectin, uas pom nyob hauv cov kua los yog pob zeb txiv hmab txiv ntoo puree. Cov khaub noom hu ua jelly li niaj zaus yog txau nrog cov suab thaj los yog cov ua hmoov qab zib, cocoa hmoov, xylitol (sorbitol), muaj cov kua nplaum nplaum npog.

Classic yas marmalade ntawm nondescript xim av xim (nws tau muab los ntawm txiv apples), ci rau saum, me ntsis noo thiab zoo li lub tawv tawv. Xws li marmalade yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, tab sis kuj tseem kim tshaj plaws. Qhov taw qhia ua tau zoo tshaj plaws yog thaum cov txiv ntoo thiab cov txiv marmalade yog tsim raws li GOST 6442-89. Vim tias tus nqi siab ntawm cov khoom ntuj tsim no, nws tsis yooj yim mus nrhiav nws hauv khw. Jelly marmalade yog npaj los ntawm kev daws teeb meem ntawm jelly-forming tshuaj nrog suab thaj thiab zib mu, nrog ntxiv (lossis tsis ntxiv) ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua kua ntshiab thiab kua txiv. Nws tseem muaj tsw qab thiab dyes. Superior zoo jelly marmalade - ntxo. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lub lag luam ruaj khov kho, saj ntev thiab ntev txee lub neej. Qhov no yog ua tiav siv cov gelatin thiab cov ciab-rog sib tov. Ua cov chewy cov khoom qab zib du, ci, thiab tiv thaiv cov tswm ciab los ntawm sib xyaw ua ke nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm beeswax thiab zaub rog (hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 10% txog 90%).

Cov xyaw ntawm ntuj marmalade suav nrog cov khoom xyaw hauv qab no: txiv hmab txiv ntoo lossis txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov txiv ntseej loj (puag); tus sawv cev gelling (thickener); granulated qab zib los yog zib suab thaj (muab tub lim). Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo jelly tshuav nws txoj kev nthuav qhia, ywj thiab ntom, mus rau cov ntawv uas tshwj xeeb thiab gelling.

Feem ntau cov neeg ua rau cov tuab tuab ua ke yog gelatin (los ntawm Latin gelatus - congealed). Nkag yog lub ntsej muag los ua kua ntawm cov keeb kwm protein.

Nkaws
Nkaws

Cov khoom siv tau los ntawm denaturation ntawm cov nqaij sib txuas ntawm cov tsiaj (pob txha mos, leeg, pob txha, tawv nqaij). Lub hauv paus ntawm gelatin yog hydrolyzed collagen protein. Nws yog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov protein thiab peptides uas muaj ob qho tseem ceeb amino acids (proline thiab hydroxyproline). Rau 100 grams gelatin muaj: 87, 2 g ntawm cov protein; 0.4 g roj; 0.7 g carbohydrates; 10g dej, so yog kab kawm. Cov ntsiab lus caloric ntawm cov khoom yog 355 kcal. High-qib gelatin yog khaws cia hauv daim hlau, thaum gelatin tsis tu ncua yog nyob rau hauv cov hmoov ntawv. Hauv cov lus siv los cim cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom lag luam, cov tsiaj ntuj tuab ntawm tsiaj keeb kwm no tau sau tias yog khoom noj khoom haus rau zaub mov E441.

Cov ntawv gelling feem ntau siv tau rau tib neeg lub cev yog agar-agar (los ntawm Malay agar - jelly). Nws yog sib xyaw ntawm agaropectin thiab agarose polysaccharides, uas tau los ntawm kev rho tawm los ntawm kev rho tawm los ntawm xim av thiab liab algae. Hauv cov lus ntawm cov zaub mov noj ntxiv, agar-agar yog tsim E 406.

Agar agar
Agar agar

Tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj no: 80% -polysaccharides; 16% dej; 4% - ntsev ntsev ntxhia. Cov xim ntawm qib qib yuav yog los ntawm daj daj mus rau xim daj tsaus. Cov chav kawm hwm yog xim dawb lossis lub teeb daj nrog lub pob pleev xim grey zoo nkauj. Agar-agar tsis muaj cov rog, cov protein nyob hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg 5%, thiab 95% - carbohydrates. Nws yog qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws tus neeg sawv cev uas paub hauv lub ntiaj teb. Tab sis vim nws cov nqi siab, nws tsis tshua muaj siv hauv kev lag luam kev lag luam marmalade.

Ib qho tshuaj polysaccharide hu ua pectin tau los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub thiab zaub hauv paus yog zaub mov ntxiv E440. Pectin yog dav siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev gelling vim nws lub peev xwm los ua ib qho zoo li yav dhau los gel thaum nyob hauv thaj chaw acidic lossis qab zib.

Pectin
Pectin

Cov khoom no yog muab rho tawm los ntawm cov khoom siv cog thib ob: pomace, bagasse, citrus tev, txiv apples, qab zib beet. Pectin belongs rau cov pab pawg ntawm kev noj haus muaj fiber ntau thiab yog tus yam ntxwv tsis muaj qab zib ntau. 100 g ntawm cov tshuaj tsis muaj ntau tshaj 52 kcal. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ua cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab ua cov txiv ntseej.

Nyob rau hauv cov kev mob ntawm kev lag luam ntau lawm ntawm jelly candies, cov zaub mov ntxiv rau E 1422 (distarch adipate) tseem siv tau los ua cov thickener. Qhov no yog cov hmoov txhuv nplej nquag hloov kho nrog cov kua qaub (acetic thiab adipic). Vim qhov kev hloov kho no, cov tshuaj tau txais lub peev xwm los khi cov dej noo tawm thaum lub sijhawm cua sov thiab yog ib qho zoo heev emulsifier. Txawm li cas los xij, hloov cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab hloov pauv cov saj ntawm cov khoom lag luam thiab nce nws cov ntsiab lus caloric.

Cov xim ntawm marmalade tau ntxiv los ntawm kev qhia ntawm ntau yam dyes.

zaub mov xim
zaub mov xim

Cov hauv qab no yog cov xim ntuj tsim:

  • Lutein, suav nrog cov npe ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus ntxiv rau hauv qab naj npawb E161b thiab zwm rau xanthophyll pawg. Nws yog cov xim daj uas pheej nyob hauv paj, ntxiv rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nplooj thiab cov hauv paus ntawm qee cov zaub. Piv txwv li, carrots, persimmons, avocado, taub dag, pob kws, zaub txhwb qaib. Lutein yog siv ua lag luam, muab rho tawm los ntawm paj hu ua marigolds.
  • Ib qho ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha xim uas tuaj yeem siv los tsim ntau yam xim (liab, ntshav, paj yeeb, txiv kab ntxwv) hu ua carmine lossis cochineal. Lub npe ua ob zaug ntawm lub siab vim nws lub ntuj, tab sis tsis cog keeb kwm. Ib qho ntawm ntau hom kab ntawm Latin American cacti yog lub tsev rau cov kab cochineal (lossis cov nplai kab), uas ua rau cov carminic acid. Nws yog qhov enzyme uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm zas. Cov paj yeeb-liab-liab no tau sau npe ua zaub mov ntxiv E120.
  • Ib qho txuj lom dav siv hauv kev ua noj, turmeric (turmeric) yog lub npe hu ua cov zaub mov ntxiv rau E100. Qhov no kub-saj thiab pungent camphor seasoning, ntxiv rau cov zaub mov hauv cov khoom me me, txig nws hauv cov xim los ntawm ci daj mus rau txiv kab ntxwv.
  • Chlorophylls thiab chlorophyllins muab cov khoom ua ntsuab thiab emerald hue Cov zaub mov xim E140 - E 141 muaj cov xim muaj nyob ntawm cov nroj tsuag xws li seaweed, nettle, alfalfa, zaub cob pob.
  • Cov hu ua enoc zas xim yog muab rho tawm los ntawm cov txiv hmab sib txawv thiab txiv laus. Qhov cov khoom tsis paub cai coj txawv nyob ntawm acidity ntawm ib puag ncig uas nws nkag, thiab tuaj yeem muab zas xim liab lossis xiav.

Tej nroj tsuag xim yuav tuaj yeem ua tom tsev. Feem ntau freshly squeezed concentrated kua txiv los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj xim, berries thiab zaub siv. Thiab yog tias koj coj lawv cov zuaj thiab maj mam kib pulp, xim yuav tig los ua kom ntau txaus. Nov yog qee cov piv txwv yooj yim: taub dag los yog hiav txwv buckthorn - txiv kab ntxwv; beetroot - liab dawb; liab - lingonberry; daj - carrots; xiav - indigo hauv paus; ntsuab - zaub ntsuab los yog zaub paj ntsuab; xim av - cinnamon; dub - licorice hmoov. Tab sis ntawm no ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua yuav tsum tau saib - los qhia cov xim thau xim tsuas yog tom qab npaj marmalade loj tau txias rau 85 degrees.

Cov tshuaj pleev rau lub cev muaj ib qho tsis zoo - lawv tsis ua tas li. Cov khoom xim los ntawm lawv plam xim thiab ploj mus thaum cia khoom. Yog li ntawd, hauv kev tsim cov khoom ntawm marmalade, artificially tsim dyes yog nyob rau hauv kev xav tau. Lawv yoog tau rau cov kub siab, tiv taus ntau dua thiab, ntxiv mus, tsis tshua kim. Niaj hnub no, 96 cov dyes sib txawv (ob qho tib si ntuj thiab hluavtaws) muaj kev koom tes hauv kev tsim cov xim ntawm cov xim marmalade - thiab qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm marmalade rau kev siv tinting cov tshuaj ntxiv.

Ntxiv rau qhov qhuav, muaj kua, gel thiab cov zaub mov zoo li cov zaub mov xim kom pom zoo siv thiab nyab xeeb. Nrov ntawm cov neeg tsis sib xws yog Natrakol dyes (Roha Europe, Spain), Lavxias hom Luxomix, ntxiv rau cov khoom lag luam ntawm Bioline, Ecocolor, thiab lwm yam.

Hauv daim ntawv qhia rau kev ua khoom qab zib, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog jams, khaws cia, marmalade, phoov yog feem ntau tuaj ua cov khoom qab zib hloov. Nws yog cov kua qaub tuab, qab zib uas tuaj yeem tau txais ob txoj hauv kev: los ntawm saccharification ntawm qos lossis pob kws nplej; los ntawm kev rhaub kua txiv.

Zib suab thaj muaj peev xwm nce solubility ntawm sucrose thiab muaj suab thaj, uas muaj sib npaug ntawm cov sib luag ntawm cov fructose thiab qabzib. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov yam ntxwv ntawm zib suab thaj yog zoo ib yam li cov suab thaj - siab glycemic Performance index, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov calorie ntau thiab ceev nrawm.

Hauv kev lag luam, cov khoom siv tshuaj pleev yog siv, uas yog tsim los ua cov khoom lag luam hauv cov khoom tsim cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab. Hauv kev ua noj, muaj lwm hom zib suab thaj siv, tshwj xeeb, qab zib thiab cov zib suab zib. Lawv yooj yim thiab yooj yim los ua tom tsev.

Cov khoom xyaw: 350 g ua kom zoo qab zib; 150 ml dej; 2 g citric acid; 1.5 grams ntawm ci dej qab zib.

Kev npaj: Boil dej, ncuav qab zib rau hauv nws. Nrog tas li nplawm, coj kev daws rau ib lub rhaub. Thaum cov piam thaj yog ua kom yaj, ntxiv citric acid. Txhawm rau muab kua qab, qhov sib tov no yuav tsum tau ua noj rau 45 feeb dua li tsawg cua sov, npog nrog hau. Tshem lub saucepan los ntawm tshav kub, cia txias me ntsis. Ntxiv ci dej qab zib, yav dhau los me ntsis diluted nrog dej sov, rau hauv syrup. Do kom huv si - muaj zog foaming yuav pib. Tom qab tos kom ua npuas dej los khom, tshem nws cov khoom seem ntawm lub sab thiab tawm mus rau qhov loj kom ua rau ib lub quarter ntawm ib teev. Yog hais tias cov khoom xyaw qab zib tsis tas yuav tsum siv tam sim ntawd tom qab npaj, tom qab ntawd cov hniav sib tov yuav tsum pauv mus rau hauv lub khob ntim thiab muab tso rau hauv tub yees.

Txiv ntoo phoov
Txiv ntoo phoov

Ib lub txiv ntoo twg tuaj yeem siv tau los ua kom ntshav qab zib, tsuav ntev cov tub ntxhais hluas. Qhov kev txiav txim yog raws li nram no: kom tau 1 khob suab thaj, noj 2 kg ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab 0.5 liv dej.

Txoj kev npaj ntawm: nyem cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm lub juicer, lim cov kua txiv kom huv si, nqa mus rau lub rhaub. Txo cov cua sov, ntxiv qab zib thiab sim cov kua txiv tshaj li qhov kub tsawg rau 3-6 teev, kom txog thaum lub ntim ntawm cov kua qis li 4-5 zaug thiab koj tau txais cov tuab, zoo li cov kua txiv maple. Lub looj zib tiav lawm yuav tsum pauv mus rau cov hwj iav, txias thiab muab tso rau hauv tub yees. 2 liv dej kua txiv kua qab ua rau 1 khob suab thaj. Thaum txiav txim siab txog qhov ntau, nws tsim nyog xav txog cov khoom ntiag tug ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum tau txiav kom yuav luag kaum npaug. Lub tshuab ua haujlwm hnyav dua yog tau los ntawm cov ntoo pears, tab sis feem ntau cov kws ua zaub mov noj tshwj xeeb siv kua zib suab thaj.

Hauv daim ntawv qhia ua marmalade hauv tsev, qab zib tuaj yeem hloov tsis tau tsuas yog nrog zib suab thaj, tab sis kuj nrog fructose lossis zib ntab, los ntawm qhov no jelly qab zib yuav tsuas tau txais txiaj ntsig, vim nws yuav tig los ua txiaj ntsig ntau dua.

Jelly marmalade
Jelly marmalade

Cov txiv ntoo ua kua ntoo yog hom muaj roj tsawg, tsis muaj cov roj-rog. Rau 100 grams: tsis muaj rog txhua, kwv yees 1 g ntawm cov protein thiab li 80 gram carbohydrates. Cov ntsiab lus ntsuas ntawm ntuj marmalade, nyob ntawm ntau yam, txawv ntawm 275 txog 355 kcal. Ua tsaug rau nws cov ntsiab lus siab carbohydrate, nws ua rau peb muaj zog. Qhov tsis muaj roj muab nws txoj cai uas suav tias yog khoom noj khoom haus. Tab sis tsis txhob tsim txom nws thiab sib xyaw nrog qab zib. Cov kev mob tshwm sim xws li xeev siab, mob plab zom mov, thiab tawm pob tawv nqaij.

Hauv cov khoom lag luam niaj hnub tsim muaj, cov pob txha gelatin, cov xim hluavtaws thiab cov tsw qab, cov pectin dag, tshuaj pleev ib ce, thiab cov hmoov txhuv hloov tshiab tau ntxiv rau marmalade. Xws li cov khoom sib txuas yog pheej yig dua li ntuj tsim, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem ua tau ntawm qhov tsis zoo. Yog li no, thaum yuav khoom noj khoom qab ntsev, koj yuav tsum them sai sai rau cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom lag luam, lub ntuj ntim ntawm cov khoom xyaw, txee lub neej, nrog rau cov xwm txheej ntawm cov khoom ntim.

Yog tias koj muaj ib qho zoo ntawm marmalade hauv koj txhais tes, tom qab ntawd:

  • Cov dej qab zib jelly muaj qhov ci ci zoo thiab pom qhov thaiv ntawm lub ntsej muag (ob sab ntawm cov pos hniav yuav tsum tsis txhob rub tawm).
  • Tsis lo rau cov ntiv tes yog. Cov piam thaj los ntawm cov khoom siv tshiab jelly yog me ntsis tawg, thiab fawm kib marmalade feem ntau me ntsis noo thiab du. Thaum tawg, cov thooj tsis txhuam, tsis crumble, tab sis ncab me ntsis. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws ua kom nws cov duab zoo thiab, thaum nias, rov qab los rau nws lub xeev qub.
  • Lub gummy yog pob tshab lossis me ntsis pos huab hauv qhov tsos, nrog lub ntsej muag iav, muaj cov qauv tsis dhau ntom.
  • Cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg hauv ntau txheej-cov khoom kom pom meej meej. Muaj marmalade topped nrog chocolate. lub ntsej muag iav yuav tsum yog yam tsis xws luag lossis ntab ntaws, tsis muaj kab nrib pleb thiab tawg paj dawb.
  • Daim paib tseeb ntawm kev siv lub zas xim qub yog ib qho kev sib txuam, xim tsis xwm yeem.
  • Qhov nruab nrab tsis hnov tsw yog pov thawj vim tsis muaj cov tshuaj tsw qab.
  • Mus saj, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob qab zib heev thiab tsis qab, tab sis me ntsis qaub.
Marmalade yog qhov noj qab nyob zoo
Marmalade yog qhov noj qab nyob zoo

Yog li, koj tuaj yeem paub tseeb tias koj muaj cov khoom lag luam zoo heev thiab cov khoom tsim nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm koj - nqaij qab thiab noj qab nyob zoo jelly, uas yog txiav txim siab yog marmalade.

Pom zoo: